马克思的博士论文《德谟克利特的自然哲学和·伊壁鸠鲁的自然哲学的差别》不仅是其早期哲学思想的生动诠释,亦是后人理解马克思整体思想形成过程的重要源泉。该论文研究不单是伊壁鸠鲁哲学,还涉及到彼时流行的伊壁鸠鲁派、斯多葛派、怀疑论派在内的希腊后期的整个哲学思潮。虽然马克思的博士论文主要论述了德谟克利特和伊壁鸠鲁的原子论哲学,但值得一提的是:其具体内容中所体现的诸如批判性思维、理论联系实际、跨学科研究及历史唯物主义的运用等均对新时代的高校思政教育有一定的实践意义。Marx’s doctoral dissertation “The Difference between Democritus’s Natural Philosophy and Epicureans’ Natural philosophy” is not only a lifesome interpretation of the early philosophical thoughts, but also an important source for later generations to understand the formation process of Marx’s overall thought. Thus this paper studies not only Epicurus philosophy, but also the whole philosophical trend of the late Greek period, including Epicurus, Stoic and skeptics, which were super popular back to the moment of that time. Although Marx’s doctoral dissertation mainly discusses the atomic philosophy of Democritus and Epicurus, it is still worth mentioning that its specific content like critical thinking, linking theory with practice, interdisciplinary research and the application of historical materialism, all inspire the ideological and political education for all university students even in the new era.
