拖延行为这一常见心理现象在个体学业,工作以及日常生活中都有着广泛而又深刻的影响。本研究的目的是回顾近年来国内外对拖延行为进行心理学研究的情况,并探讨拖延行为产生的机制和干预策略。本研究采用文献检索、筛选与评估等方法,对拖延行为的界定、产生原因、影响因素与干预措施等方面进行全面剖析,旨在为心理学研究与实践提供一些有益借鉴。研究发现,拖延行为的产生机制涵盖了人格特质、动机、任务特性及外部环境等诸多因素,而有效的干预策略则包括心理干预和行为干预两大类。未来的研究应进一步探讨拖延行为的深层次心理机制,并开发更具针对性的干预措施。Procrastination, a common psychological phenomenon, has a wide and profound impact in individuals’ academic, work and daily life. The purpose of this study is to review the psychological research on procrastination in recent years at home and abroad, and to explore the mechanisms of procrastination and intervention strategies. This study adopts the methods of literature search, screening and evaluation to comprehensively analyze the definition, causes, influencing factors and interventions of procrastination, aiming to provide some useful reference for psychological research and practice. It is found that the mechanism of procrastination covers many factors such as personality traits, motivation, task characteristics and external environment, while effective intervention strategies include two major categories: psychological intervention and behavioral intervention. Future research should further explore the deep-rooted psychological mechanisms of procrastination and develop more targeted interventions.
目的:调查不同行为类型研究生的睡眠拖延情况,以及压力知觉的中介效应,为改善研究生群体睡眠拖延问题及教育疏导工作提供科学依据。方法:采用A型行为类型评定量表(TABP)、中文版压力知觉量表(CPSS)、中文版睡眠拖延行为量表(CBPS)对596名在校研究生进行问卷调查,使用SPSS 27.0进行统计分析。结果:不同性别研究生的行为类型、压力知觉及睡眠拖延情况的差异无统计学意义(p > 0.05);班委与非班委研究生的压力知觉及睡眠拖延情况的差异有统计学意义(p Objective: This study aims to explore the mediating effect of stress perception on sleep procrastination among graduate students with different behavior types, and to provide a scientific basis for addressing sleep procrastination in this population. Methods: A total of 596 graduate students were assessed using the Type A Behavior Rating Scale (TABP), Chinese version of Stress Perception Scale (CPSS), and Chinese version of Sleep Procrastination Behavior Scale (CBPS). Statistical analysis was conducted using SPSS 27.0. Results: No significant differences were found in behavior type, stress perception, and sleep delay between genders (p > 0.05). However, there was a statistically significant difference in stress perception and sleep delay between class committee and non-class committee students (p < 0.05), with class committee students exhibiting lower levels of stress perception and sleep delay than their non-class committee counterparts. Additionally, type A students scored higher on both stress perception and sleep delay compared to type B students (p < 0.01). Behavior type, stress perception, and sleep procrastination were found to be correlated, with stress perception playing a complete mediating role between behavior type and sleep procrastination behavior. Conclusion: The score of behavior type can significantly positively predict the perceived level of stress;similarly, the perceived level of stress can significantly positi
大学生是我国现代化建设的重要储备军,该群体的学习和生活状况广受社会各界关注。本研究就高校学生的晚睡拖延行为展开了探索。通过对36位大学生展开访谈的质性研究,初步构建了大学生睡眠拖延行为的影响因素模型,该模型包含了导致晚睡拖延行为的个人因素和外部因素。研究发现,在晚睡拖延行为产生的影响因素中,个人因素起到主导性作用,而外界因素也从不同方面影响了学生个体的主观能动性,对晚睡拖延行为的产生起到辅助作用。为此,本研究提出了改变晚睡拖延行为的心理干预辅导策略,特别突出了场依存性这一环境助推影响因素,并建议在智能手机使用控制方面寻找“作息时间灵活”的范围,来促进大学生的充分休息,从而助推他们的健康成长。College students are an important reserve army in China’s modernization construction, and their study and living conditions are widely concerned by all walks of life. This study explores the late-night procrastination behavior of college students. Based on the qualitative research of interviews with 36 college students, a model of influencing factors of college students’ sleep procrastination behavior was established, which included personal factors and external factors leading to late sleep procrastination behavior. It is found that personal factors play a dominant role in the influencing factors of late-night procrastination behavior, and external factors also affect the subjective initiative of individual students from different aspects, and play an auxiliary role in the production of late-night procrastination behavior. To this end, this study proposed psychological intervention and counseling strategies to change late sleep delay behavior, especially highlighting the field dependence as an environmental boost factor, and suggested finding a range of “flexible work and rest time” in terms of smartphone use control, so as to promote the full rest of
