The objective of the study was to determine the influence of temperature, relative humidity, and shoot size of Valencia orange trees Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck (Sapindales: Rutaceae) on the abundance of eggs and nymphal stages of Diaphorina citri Kuwayama (Hemiptera: Liviidae). The experiment was established on 3.18 hectares cultivated with Valencia orange. The number of eggs, nymphs, temperature, relative humidity, and scale of the size of the shoot were recorded from January to July and from September to November 2020. The association of these variables was determined by multiple correspondence analyses. The conservation of the same number of individuals between consecutive samples and the increase in the number of eggs and nymphs was associated with temperature (17˚C - 23˚C), relative humidity (75% - 78%) and the availability of shoots from V1 to VS in March, April, June, and July. The largest number of N1 and N2 nymphs was recorded in January, February, May, and October. The highest population of eggs and nymphs N3 and N5 occurred in September. In November, there was a reduction in eggs and nymphs. Meanwhile, the nymph N4 was presented independently of the variables analyzed.
Cimex species are ectoparasites that exclusively feed on warm-blooded animals such as birds and mammals.Three cimicid species are known to be persistent pests for humans,including the tropical bed bug Cimex hemipterus,common bed bug Cimex lectularius,and Eastern bat bug Leptocimex boueti.To date,genomic information is restricted to the common bed bug C.lectularius,which limits understanding their biology and to provide controls of bed bug infestations.Here,a chromosomal-level genome assembly of C.hemipterus(495 Mb[megabase pairs])contained on 16 pseudochromosomes(scaffold N50=34 Mb),together with 9 messenger RNA and small RNA transcriptomes were obtained.In comparison between hemipteran genomes,we found that the tetraspanin superfamily was expanded in the Cimex ancestor.This study provides the first genome assembly for the tropical bed bug C.hemipterus,and offers an unprecedented opportunity to address questions relating to bed bug infestations,as well as genomic evolution to hemipterans more widely.
Sean Tsz Sum LawWenyan NongChade LiTze Kiu ChongHo Yin YipThomas SwaleSiu Wai ChiuRoger Yat-Nork ChungHon-Ming LamSamuel Y.S.WongHung WongJerome H.L.Hui
