A hydrometallurgical process for indium extraction and ferric oxide powder preparation for soft magnetic ferrite material was developed.Using reduction lixivium from high-acid reductive leaching of zinc oxide calcine as raw solution,copper and indium were firstly recovered by iron powder cementation and neutralization.The recovery ratios of Cu and In are 99% and 95%,respectively.Some harmful impurities that have negative influences on magnetic properties of soft magnetic ferrite material are deeply removed with sulfidization purification and neutral flocculation method.Under the optimum conditions,the content of impurities like Cu,Pb,As,Al in pure Zn-Fe sulfate solution are less than 0.004 g/L,but those of Cd,Si,Ca and Mg are relatively high.Finally,thermal precipitation of iron is carried out at 210 °C for 1.5 h.The precipitation ratio of Fe is 93.33%.Compared with the quality standard of ferric oxide for soft magnetic ferrite materials,the contents of Al and Mg in obtained ferric oxide powder meet the requirement of YHT1 level of ferric oxide,and those of Si,Ca meet the requirement of YHT3 level of ferric oxide.XRD and SEM characterizations confirm that the obtained sample is well-dispersed spindle spherule with regular α-Fe2O3 crystal structure.The length-to-diameter ratio of α-Fe2O3 powder is(3-4):1 with an average particle size of 0.5 μm.
Lead and indium were recovered by electrolysis and nonequilibrium solvent extraction process from lead bullion. The effects of current density, electrolytic period and circle amount of electrolyte on the electrochemical dissolution of lead and indium were investigated. The effects of extraction phase ratio and mixing time on solvent extraction of indium and striping phase ratio and stripping stage on the loaded organic phase stripping were also investigated. The experimental results indicate that under optimum conditions, the purity of lead deposited on cathode is 98.5% and the deposit rate of lead is 99.9%, the dissolution rate of indium is 94.28%, the extraction rate of indium is 98.69%, the stripping rate of indium is almost 100%, and the impurity elements, such as Zn, Fe and Sn can be removed.
The leaching kinetics of Tang-dan refractory low grade complex copper ore was investigated in ammonia-ammonium chloride solution.The concentration of ammonia and ammonium chloride,the ore particle size,the solid-to-liquid ratio and the temperature were chosen as parameters in the experiments.The results show that temperature,concentration of ammonia and ammonium chloride have favorable influence on the leaching rate of copper oxide ores.But,leaching rate decreases with increasing particle size and solid-to-liquid ratio.The leaching process is controlled by the diffusion of the lixiviant and the activation energy is determined to be 23.279 kJ/mol.An equation was also proposed to describe the leaching kinetics.
