The construction process of modern project is distributed across teams, departments, or systems, each of which is corresponding to a particular project unit. Conflicts often occur in construction project organization because of the improper coordination amongbetween these project units. The primary reason for coordination puzzle in project organization is generally the diversification of culture and technology. In order to enhance the organization’s performance efficiency, good and effective coordination mechanism aimed at diversification of culture and technology is needed. The relationship amongbetween parties and project units is defined and expressed through contract, so construction project organization usually relies on various contracts to deal with its cooperative partner relationship. However, the contractual mode is a defensive method which is more prone to conflicts than the conglomerate of diversification, especially evaluated from the aspects of culture and value. By culture integration—a more flexible way to make up the shortage of contractual mode, a harmonious atmosphere in which organization members can exert their potential ability can be created to help project administrators mitigate organization conflicts and achieve the common goals of project organization. Based on arbitration theory, moreover, this paper puts forward a combined coordination mechanism-hierarchical coordination and nonhierarchical coordination—to resolve the conflicts resulted from diversification of technology. The introduction of intelligent agents system has the advantage of a more systematic and organizational method in reality without causing unnecessary emotional and the behavioural side effects is an effective instrument to utilize this coordination mechanism and realizes its established goals.
At present, in order to protect the stability of permafrost beneath emban kment, the crushed-rock emban kment, as a new type of emban kment structure, has widely been used in the construction of Qinghai-Tibet Railway. Its crushed-rock layer is almost open in tow bilateral boundaries and closed at top and bottom, and air can flow into/out of the ballast layer and crushed-rock layer. Therefore, the convection and transfer heat patterns are very complicated in the ballast layer and crushed-rock layer of the emban kment, which are regarded as porous media. In this paper, based on the wind, temperature and geology conditions of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, a numerical approach of the unsteady two-dimensional continuity, momentum (non-Darcy flow) and energy equations of heat convection for incompressible fluid in porous media is provide to analyse the velocity and temperature characteristics of the crushed-rock emban kment with different emban kment heights under open boundary condition for the coming 50 years. The calculated results indicate that, due to the influence of the external wind, the convective heat transfer mainly relies on the forced convection in the open crushed-rock emban kment. Even if the air temperature will be warmed up by 2.6℃ in the coming 50 years, it still has a better cooling effect on the underlying soils and a low temperature frozen-soil core is formed in the permafrost below it if the emban kment is constructed in the regions whose present mean annual air temperature is -4.0℃. Furthermore, the cooling effect of high crushed-rock emban kment is better than that of low emban kment. This results from the fact that the wider bottom of high emban kment has a more influence dimension on the underlying frozen soil. However, cardinal winds on Qinghai-Tibet Plateau disturb its convection pattern, so that an asymmetric temperature distribution occurs under high emban kment and it is possible to induce a transverse uneven deformation of emban kment, but no similar situation occurs under low emban kment.
