To reconstruct the missing data of the total electron content(TEC) observations, a new method is proposed, which is based on the empirical orthogonal functions(EOF) decomposition and the value of eigenvalue itself. It is a self-adaptive EOF decomposition without any prior information needed, and the error of reconstructed data can be estimated. The interval quartering algorithm and cross-validation algorithm are used to compute the optimal number of EOFs for reconstruction.The interval quartering algorithm can reduce the computation time. The application of the data interpolating empirical orthogonal functions(DINEOF) method to the real data have demonstrated that the method can reconstruct the TEC map with high accuracy, which can be employed on the real-time system in the future work.
