A modified sol-gel method is used for synthesizing Nd ion doped lead zirconate titanate nanopowders Pb1-3x/2NdxZr0.52Ti0.48O3 (PNZT) in an ethylene glycol system with zirconium nitrate as zirconium source. The results show that it is critical to add lead acetate after the reaction of zirconium nitrate with tetrabutyl titanate in the ethylene glycol system for preparing PNZT with an exact fraction of titanium content. It has been observed that the dopant of excess Nd ions can effectively improve the sintered densification and activity of the PNZT ceramics.Piezoelectric, dielectric and ferroelectric properties of the PNZT ceramics are remarkably enhanced as compared with those of monolithic lead zirconate titanate (PZT). Especially, the supreme values of piezoelectric constant (d33) and dielectric constant (ε) for the PNZT are both about two times that of the monolithic PZT and moreover, the remnant polarization (Pr) also increases by 30%. According to the analysis of the structures and properties, we attribute the improvement in electrical properties to the lead vacancies caused by the doping of Nd ions.
Nd3+ doped lead zirconate titanate (Pb1-3x/2NdxZr0.52Ti0.48O3, PNZT) nanopowders were prepared through a modified sol-gel method. The effects of Nd3+ doping on the microstructures and properties of PNZT ceramics have been studies. The grain sizes of the perovskite PNZT nanopowders were about 100nm and the lattice distortion of the PNZT increased with the content of Nd3+ up to 9 mol%. The dopant of Nd3+ resulted in the decrease of crystal lattice parameter a and the obvious increase of c and c/a, which effectively improved the sintered densification and activity of the PNZT ceramics. Due to lead vacancies caused by the doping of Nd3+ in the PZT, the piezoelectric constant, electromechanical coupling coefficient and dielectric constant observed were much higher than the monolithic PZT.
目的:研究H1N1型流感病毒神经氨酸酶(NA)在原核系统中的表达、纯化方法及其免疫原性。方法:构建了大肠杆菌表达载体pET22b-NA,并转化了大肠杆菌BL21(DE3);通过SP-Sepharose Fast Flow柱对重组NA进行分离纯化,并用Sephadex G-25柱对SP柱后获得的NA进行柱上复性;用不同剂量的重组NA免疫BALB/c小鼠,并检测其诱导产生的抗体滴度。结果:大肠杆菌表达的NA以包涵体形式存在,通过分离及柱上复性,纯化得到重组NA;NA抗原的免疫原性是剂量依赖的,随着剂量的增加,其免疫原性相应增强,3次免疫后,3μg NA诱导小鼠产生的抗体滴度最高,为1∶7000。结论:大肠杆菌表达的NA具有一定的诱导小鼠产生针对天然NA的抗体的能力,为流感病毒基因工程疫苗研究提供了初步线索。
