In order to expound the role of litter in controlling soil and water loss,the soil and water conservation functions of litter in Chinese pine stand have been studied,using the method of location monitor combined with simulation experiment.The results of the studies showed that the average interception rate of the litter is 12.4%,it’s retarding effect on runoff is related to litter thickness,slope and runoff depth.The mathematical equation between them is ΔT =13.490· l 0.245 · α -0.200 · q -0.186 ,the annual soil evaporation restrained by litter of 2 cm in thickness is 138 6mm,and the litter of 1 5 cm in thickness can decrease the splash erosion by 97 5% and increase soil antiscourability by 96 7%.Compared with the bare slope,the physical and chemical properties of soil covered with litter are improved obviously.All these provide the scientific basis for the rational management of forest and the estabishment of the optimal structure of stand.
The intercepting dynamic processes of P.tabulaeformis forest canopy have been studied by local measuring methods for evaluating forest benefits of soil and water conservation and explaining mechanism of soil and water conservation. The result showed that interception amount of the canopy averaged in six-years was 104.8mm and interception rate was 23.7%.The intercepting processes has a limited increasing processes with raining time.The maximum value of interception amount occurred in the middle process.Then intercepting amount changes like a wave, which can be described using the combination of linear and sine
