用遗传失活的团头鲂(Megalobrama amblycephala)的精子诱导红鲫(Carassius auratus Red Variety)进行雌核发育的研究,红鲫的卵子经适宜UV剂量灭活处理的团头鲂精子激活后,在0—4℃下冷休克40min抑制第二极体的排出使染色体加倍,获得雌核发育红鲫,它们的受精率、孵化率及成活率分别为(52．6±3．0)%,(23．6±4．1)%和(15．7±3．4)%,其成活率明显高于用鲤鱼精子诱导红鲫雌核发育的成活率(11．3±2．2)%．以外形特征、染色体数目及性腺发育程度为依据对雌核发育红鲫与对照杂交鱼进行了区分和鉴定,结果表明,Ⅰ龄鱼的体色为红色,染色体数目为100,性腺发育正常的个体为成功的雌核发育红鲫；而染色体数目为124或148,性腺发育滞后的个体为杂交鱼,其中三倍体鲫鲂是不育的(2年观察证明),而四倍体鲫鲂2年才能达到性成熟．以鲤鱼的精子作为对照,着重讨论了团头鲂精子作为刺激源的优势,即能提高雌核发育鱼的成活率,并可简化对雌核发育鱼的鉴定,研究证明团头鲂的精子是一种非常有效的诱导鲫鱼进行雌核发育的刺激源。
The transgenic carp were produced by micro-injection of CAgcGHc into the fertilized eggs. Observation of the thymus development between the transgenics and non- transgenic controls was carried out. The thymus of one-year- old transgenics F1 showed a great increase in both size and weight. The unilateral thymus of the transgenics weighed from 190 to 295 mg with average 218.6 mg, whereas the uni-lateral thymus of the controls weighed 20—81 mg with av-erage 42.5 mg; i.e. the thymus weight in the transgenics was 5.14 fold over that in the controls. The index of thymus/body weight in the transgenics was 2.97 fold over the controls. Light microscopy observation indicated that the thymus of the transgenics well developed with the thickened outer re-gion and compactly arranged thymocytes, while the thymus in the controls were degenerating with the thinned outer region, scattered thymocytes and groups of fatty cells. Fur-ther analysis with the electron microscopy revealed that pro-liferous cells in the transgenics were mainly small lympho-cytes and no pathological changes were found. The results confirmed that the 揂ll-fish?GH-transgene promotes thy-mus development and thymocyte proliferation, and retards thymus degeneration. The study has laid a foundation for further analysis of the immunobiological function in GH- transgenic carp.
