We investigate the extinction coefficients of the surface atmospheric aerosol over the Large High Altitude Air Shower Observatory (LHAASO), located at the Haizi Mountain, Daocheng County, China. To this end, we utilize the Longtin model, Mie scattering theory, and experimental data obtained by the Cloud-Aerosol Lidar and Infrared Pathfinder Satellite Observation (CALIPSO). Our theoretical calculations show that the total extinction coefficients of the atmospheric aerosol at the wavelength of 200–500 nm are inversely proportional to the laser wavelength, and influenced by the wind speed. From July 2015 to October 2016, the extinction coefficient of the surface atmospheric aerosols at 532 nm wavelength reached 0.04 km^-1 with no wind, while it increased to 0.1 km^-1 with gusts. In this period, the extinction coefficients of the surface atmospheric aerosol at 532 nm wavelength, obtained by the CALIPSO, change from 0.01 to 0.07 km^-1, which is less than the values obtained the theoretical calculation and larger than the average of Tibetan Plateau in 2006-2016. These calculations and experimental evidence provide important arguments to the model of atmospheric aerosol to be applied in the calibration of LHAASO. Our results suggest that the extinction coefficients over LHAASO require further study, including research on the size distribution, shape, concentration of aerosols particles, wind dependence, relative humidity dependence, etc.
高海拔宇宙线观测站(Large High Altitude Air Shower Observatory)的核心科学目标是探索高能宇宙线起源以及相关的宇宙演化、高能天体运动和新物理前沿的研究.通过大面积铺设μ子探测器极大地降低宇宙射线背景,从而提升高能伽马射线探测的灵敏度.作为μ子探测器的核心部件之一的光电倍增管负责接收水中的切伦科夫光子并将其转换成电信号输出,因此,光电倍增管的性能好坏直接影响μ子探测器的性能.稻城实验室2%抽样测试结果表明,光电倍增管的各性能达到μ子探测器的指标要求,与批量测试结果的相对偏差小于2%.
