利用GC—MS技术对若尔盖高原一湖沼沉积剖面(深346 cm)沉积有机质的饱和烃馏分进行了分析,结合已有的AMS14C年代、剖面岩性和TOC资料,探讨了该剖面分子化石分布特征及其相关参数对有机物来源、微生物活动和气候变化等环境信息的指示意义。分析表明,中高碳数占绝对优势的正构烷烃反映了有机物主要来源于高等植物,且草本高等植物输入丰富;岩相、TOC和Pr/Ph比值很好地指示了该剖面沉积物从早全新世(约11.4～7.3 cal kaBP,深度346～203 cm)强还原深湖条件到中全新世(约7.3～4.5 cal ka BP,>203 cm)弱还原沼泽条件的演化过程,正构烷烃参数奇偶优势(OEP1和OEP2)、C25/C31和轻烃/重烃比值(∑C21-/∑C22+)详细反映了这种水文演变过程中生物源的变化,尤其剖面120 cm以上很可能有泥炭藓(Sphagnum)的重要输入,而且敏感地指示了剖面120 cm以上有机物遭受了明显的微生物改造作用,从而引起正构烷烃组分的改变。另外,在约9.8～8.6 cal ka BP(深度286～240cm)期间剖面岩性及其以上各项代用指标发生明显快速变化,说明早全新世若尔盖高原气候相对暖湿阶段具有不稳定性。
The density of a stalagmite(WX42A)from Wanxiang Cave,Wudu County,Gansu Province,China,in the western margin of the Asian summer monsoon region,presents regular fluctuations in different deposition periods during the last deglaciation.Over long timescales,high-precision 230Th dating and high-resolution stalagmite density data indicate that the density-time series between 17644 a BP and 12758 a BP is quite similar to the stalagmite δ18O record which reflects Asian monsoon intensity.Strengthening/weakening(lighter/heavier stalagmite δ18O values)of the Asian monsoon is accompanied by increase/decrease in stalagmite density.Over short timescales,decrease in stalagmite density correlates to monsoon-retreat events such as the Inter-AllerФd Cold Period(IACP),Older Dryas(OD)and Inter-BФlling Cold Period(IBCP).Generally,this kind of decrease in stalagmite density reflects precipitation decrease with weakening of the Asian monsoon,which in turn slows cave dripwater rate and decreases crystal nuclei,leading to enlargement of calcite crystals,weakened biological activity and decreased soil pCO2 which increases the abundance of impure detrital materials in stalagmites.However,during the period of large amplitude reduction of precipitation and biological activity which resulted from extreme monsoon-retreat events,temperature variation would dominate fluctuation of stalagmite density.For example,stalagmite density increased suddenly when temperature dropped suddenly in the north Atlantic during Heinrich event 1(H-1).This may be caused by low seepage water temperature,more dissolved calcium carbonate,compact regular crystals forming under higher supersaturation,leading to the stalagmite increased density.Stalagmite density fluctuation sensitively recorded stalagmite growth history and environment,demonstrating that stalagmite density can be used as a proxy for paleoclimatic research.
