In present paper the genus Rhithrogena Eaton from Chinese mainland, including a new species to science (Rhithrogena lutea, sp. nov.), 2 new record species from China (R. bajkovae Sowa, R. lepnevae Brodsky) and 3 known species [R. wuyinensis (Gui et al.) (comb. nov.), R. trispina Zhou et Zheng, R. orientalis You (= R. sangangensis You, new synonym)] are revised besed on the imaginal specimens. A key to 7 species imagos is provided. All materials in this study are deposited in Nanjing Normal University.
The Asian mayfly species of Habrophlebiodes differ from their North American congeners in male genitalia. Among the 4 known Asian species, H. prorninens Ulmer is unique in longer apical segments of labial palpi, venation of hindwings and pigments of wings. H. gilliesi Peters has thinner and basal 2/3 fused penes. H. zo＇inensis You ＆ Gui has short, wide and half-fused penes, each penis has large apical appendage. In redescription on its nymphs, H. zo＇inensis has more and clearer tracheal branches than those of//. gilliesi, and some deeply forked gills and tracheae, and a paler body than in H. tenella Kang ＆ Yang. This genus is similar to Paraleptophlebia and Neoleptophlebia in nymphs, but can be distinguished by setal tufts on lingua of hypopharynx. The exact relationships between members in Leptophlebiinae await more materials.
