利用双向指示种(TWINSPAN)分类技术将黄河三角洲湿地草本植被划分为7个群落类型,然后应用双变量主坐标分析(double principal coordinate analysis,DPCoA)法对其进行排序,结果表明:在物种组成上,芦苇+盐地碱蓬群落为芦苇群落和盐地碱蓬+芦苇群落、盐地碱蓬群落、盐地碱蓬+补血草+碱蓬群落、补血草群落的过渡类型,而芦苇+穗状狐尾藻群落与其他群落类型差异较大;黄河三角洲湿地草本植被的分布主要与土壤因子中的土壤盐分、土壤pH等紧密相关,而与土壤全磷、全氮、有机质等养分无显著相关关系。将DPCoA和其他一些常用的植被排序方法进行了比较,相对于主分量分析(PCA)和除趋势对应分析(DCA)而言,DPCoA信息保留量更高,能够将物种组成和类别上较为接近的植物群落聚集在一起,而将差异较大的植物群落在排序图中分散开来,在揭示群落间相互关系以及植被与环境之间关系上可能更为有效。
In recent years,wetland ecological water requirements (EWRs) have been estimated by using hydrological and functional approaches,but those approaches have not yet been integrated for a whole ecosystem.This paper presents a new method for calculating wetland EWRs,which is based on the response of habitats to water level,and determines water level threshold through the functional integrity of habitats.Results show that in the Huanghe (Yellow) River Delta water levels between 5.0 m and 5.5 m are required to maintain the functional integrity of the wetland at a value higher than 0.7.One of the dominant plants in the delta,Phragmites australis,tolerates water level fluctuation of about ± 0.25 m without the change in wetland functional integrity.The minimum,optimum and maximum EWRs for the Huanghe River Delta are 9.42×106 m3,15.56×106 m3 and 24.12×106 m3 with water levels of 5.0 m,5.2 m and 5.5 m,corresponding to functional integrity indices of 0.70,0.84 and 0.72,respectively.A wetland restoration program has been performed,which aims to meet these EWRs in attempt to recover from losses of up to 98% in the delta's former wetland area.
CUI BaoshanHUA YanyanWANG ChongfangLIAO XiaolinTAN XuejieTAO Wendong
