Nd-Fe-B permanent magnets with a small amount of Cu nano-particles doping have been prepared by conventional sintered method.Effects of Cu content on magnetic properties,corrosion resistance,and oxidation properties of the magnets have been studied.It shows that the coercivity rises gradually,while the remanence decreases simultaneously with increasing Cu doping amount.Microstructure observation reveals that Cu element enriches mainly the Nd-rich phase.Autoclave test results show that the corrosion rate of the magnets decreases with increasing Cu content.After oxidation,the maximum energy product loss of the magnets with 0 and 0.2 wt% Cu nano-particles doping are 6.13% and 0.99%,respectively.Therefore,it is concluded that Cu nano-particles doping is a promising way to enhance the coercivity and corrosion resistance of sintered Nd-Fe-B magnets.
Recycling of waste sintered Nd-Fe-B permanent magnets by doping DyH 3 nanoparticles was investigated. The effect of the Dy H3 nanoparticles on the microstructure and magnetic properties of the recycled magnets was studied. As the DyH 3 nanoparticles additive increased, the coercivity of recycled magnet increased gradually. The recycled magnets with Dy H3 nanoparticle content between 0.0 wt.% and 1.0 wt.% maintained the remanence(Br), but, with higher additions, the Br began to decrease rapidly. The best recycled magnet produced contained 1.0 wt.% of DyH 3 nanoparticles when compared to the properties of the starting waste sintering magnet. The Hcj, Br and(BH)max values of 101.7%, 95.4%, and 88.58%, respectively, were recovered.
As an organic binder for bonded Nd-Fe-B magnets, epoxy resin(EP) has poor heat resistance but good moisture resistance, while sodium silicate(SS) has poor moisture absorption but better heat resistance and corrosion resistance. In order to improve high temperature stability and decrease moisture absorption of bonded Nd-Fe-B magnets, EP/SS composites were applied as the binder to prepare bonded Nd-Fe-B magnets. The magnetic properties, moisture absorption, corrosion resistance, compressive strength and microstructure of composite bonded magnets were investigated. The results show that EP/SS bonded magnets can obtain excellent magnetic properties at room temperature, and even useable magnetic properties a thigh temperature environments at 200°C. EP/SS composite binder effectively improves heat resistance and corrosion resistance of bonded Nd-Fe-B magnets, and reduces the hygroscopic properties. The molecule of sodium silicateis rigid and keeps it original shape at high temperature environments. In addition, SS in composite binder improves the mobility of the magnetic powders during the pre-pressing process, which makes the magnetic powders attain a more regular structure. These two factors will increase the mechanical properties. Moreover, sodium silicate in the composite binder can also cover the surfaces protecting the magnetic powders from oxidation and corrosion. EP in composite binder can cover SS surface to reduce the water absorption of SS as epoxy is a hydrophobic material. The EDX analysis shows that the composite binder has accumulated in the gaps of the magnet powders, which not only improves heat resistance and corrosion resistance, but also increases the mechanical properties. Therefore, EP/SS composite binder endows bonded Nd-Fe-B magnets excellent comprehensive properties.
Nd-Fe-B permanent magnets with a small amount of Al nano-particles doping were prepared by conventional sintered method. Effect of Al content on magnetic property, corrosion resistance and oxidation properties of the magnets were studied. Investigation showed that the coercivity rose gradually, while the remanence decreased simultaneously with increase of Al doping amount. Further investigation revealed that most Al element diffused into the main phase and some Al element diffused into the Nd-rich phase. The autoclave test results showed that the corrosion rate of the magnets decreased with Al content increasing. After oxidation, the maximum energy product losses of the magnets with 0.0 wt.% and 0.2 wt.% Al nano-particles doping were 6.13% and 3.99%, respectively. Therefore, Al nano-particles doping was a promising way to enhance the coercivity and corrosion resistance of sintered Nd-Fe-B magnet.
(Nd1–x La x)30Fe69B(x=0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5, 0.6) alloys were prepared by inducting melting, and the effect of substitution of La for Nd on their microstructure and intrinsic magnetic properties were investigated. With the increase of La content, Curie temperature(T c) decreased from 582.4 to 557.4 K, saturation magnetization(M s) decreased from 1.59 to 1.37 T, and anisotropy field(H A) decreased from 5394 to 3911 k A/m. However, the reductions of the intrinsic magnetic properties were relatively gentle as La content increased, which meant that the intrinsic magnetic properties still had the potential to fabricate permanent magnets. Moreover, further microstructure observations showed that La tended to diffuse into the Nd-rich grain boundary phase instead of main phase during the substitute process. Such aggregation behavior was beneficial to fabricating La containing magnet with high M s.
Hysteresis loops and energy products have been calculated systematically by a three-dimensional(3D) software OOMMF for Sm–Co/α-Fe/Sm–Co trilayers with various thicknesses and β, where β is the angle between the easy axis and the field applied perpendicular to the film plane. It is found that trilayers with a perpendicular anisotropy possess considerably larger coercivities and smaller remanences and energy products compared with those with an in-plane anisotropy.Increase of β leads to a fast decrease of the maximum energy product as well as the drop of both remanence and coercivity. Such a drop is much faster than that in the single-phased hard material, which can explain the significant discrepancy between the experiment and the theoretical energy products. Some modeling techniques have been utilized with spin check procedures performed, which yield results in good agreement with the one-dimensional(1D) analytical and experimental data, justifying our calculations. Further, the calculated nucleation fields according to the 3D calculations are larger than those based on the 1D model, whereas the corresponding coercivity is smaller, leading to more square hysteresis loops and better agreement between experimental data and the theory.
