Xinjiang is the largest semi-arid and arid region in China, and drip irrigation under plastic mulch is widely used in this water-limited area. Quantifying carbon and water fluxes as well as investigating their environ- mental drivers over cotton fields is critical for understanding regional carbon and water budgets in Xinjiang, the largest cotton production basin of China. In this study, an eddy covariance （EC） technique was used to measure the carbon and water fluxes of cotton field under drip irrigation with plastic mulch in the growing seasons of 2009, 2010, 2012 and 2013 at Wulanwusu Agrometeorological Experiment Station, a representative oasis cropland in northern Xinjiang. The diurnal patterns of gross primary production （GPP）, net ecosystem exchange （NEE） and evapotran-spiration （ET） showed obviously sinusoidal variations from June to September, while the diurnal ecosystem respiration （Res） was stable between daytime and nighttime. The daytime hourly GPP and ET displayed asymptotic rela-tionships with net solar radiation （Rnet）, while showed concave patterns with raising vapor pressure deficit （VPD） and air temperature （Ta）. The increases in hourly GPP and ET towards the maximum occurred over half ranges of VPD and Ta. The seasonal variations of GPP, NEE and ET were close to the cotton phenology, which almost reached the peak value in July. The cumulative GPP averaged 816.2±55.0 g C/m^2 in the growing season （from April to October）, and more than half of GPP was partitioned into NEE （mean value of -478.6±41.4 g C/m^2）. The mean seasonal ET was 501.3±13.9 mm, and the mean water use efficiency （WUE） was 1.0＋0.1 （mg C/g H2O）/d. The agro-ecosystem behaved as a carbon sink from squaring to harvest period, while it acted as a carbon source before the squaring time as well as after the harvest time.
Jie BAIJin WANGXi CHENGe Ping LUOHao SHILong Hui LIJun Li LI
基于涡度相关技术,对新疆典型绿洲棉田进行了连续4年的碳通量观测,并探讨覆膜滴灌棉田生育期内碳通量的构成和特征。结果表明:生长盛期(6—9月),棉田的总初级生产力(GPP)和净生态系统碳交换(NEE)日变化明显,峰值约出现在14:00。生态系统呼吸(Res)日变化稳定,与膜下土壤温度日变化稳定有关。日间GPP随太阳净辐射(Rnet)增加而增大,可用直角双曲线方程描述;且最大光合速率的峰值出现在7月。各碳通量的季节变化不同:GPP和NEE与LAI的季节变化一致,峰值出现在7月;而Res的峰值出现在6月。月累积GPP在6—9月间主要分配给NEE;而其余月份则分配给Res。整个生育期内(5—10月),总GPP平均为816.2 g C/m2,其中NEE占58.6%,这表明生育期内覆膜滴灌棉田表现为碳汇。
