Background Cervical cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors in women. This study was designed to explore the expression profiles of microRNAs （miRNAs） and mRNAs and the gene regulation network in cervical tumorigenesis and to find candidate molecular markers and key tumorigenic genes in cervical cancer. Methods miRNAs and mRNAs expression microarrays were used to detect the expression of miRNAs and mRNAs in normal and cancer cervical tissues. TargetScan 5.0 database （UK） was used to predict the target genes of the miRNAs, analyze their intersection with differentially expressed mRNAs and negatively correlate the intersection with miRNAs. Bioinformatic approaches were used to analyze functions and pathways of the target genes and establish miRNA-gene network. Results Twenty-nine miRNAs and 2036 mRNAs were differentially expressed in normal and cervical tumor tissues. Among them, 13 miRNAs and 754 mRNAs were up-regulated in cervical tumor tissues and 16 miRNAs and 1282 RNA were down-regulated. The 327 target genes negatively related to miRNAs in the intersection were involved in functions and signal pathways. Down-regulated miRNAs targeted genes and up-regulated miRNAs targeted genes were involved in 415 and 163 functions, respectively, and in 37 and 17 significant pathways, respectively （P 〈0.05, false discovery rate （FDR） 〈0.05）. We constructed the miRNAs-gene network and found that hsa-miR-15a, hsa-miR-106b and hsa-miR-20b were key nodes in the network. Conclusions The differentially expressed miRNAs and mRNAs in cervical cancer and related miRNA-gene network have been identified. They play important roles in cervical tumorigenesis and are involved in many important biological functions and signal transduction pathways. These findings lay a foundation for research on the molecular mechanism of miRNAs in the Dathoaenesis of cervical cancer.
