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国家自然科学基金(40772030)

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随州陨石中铬铁矿和谢氏超晶石的产状和矿物化学被引量:1
2011年
本文利用多种近代微矿物学技术,对随州陨石中铬铁矿和谢氏超晶石的产状和矿物化学进行了研究,发现了3种产出类型的铬铁矿,即粗粒铬铁矿、斜长石熔体池中的铬铁矿集合体簇团和橄榄石晶体中的片状出溶铬铁矿.前两种类型的铬铁矿在化学成分上完全相同,但出溶铬铁矿的成分不均一,Al2O3含量变化明显.谢氏超晶石是不久前在随州陨石中发现的一种超尖晶石结构新矿物,它是由铬铁矿高压相变形成的一种具CT结构的高压多形.在随州陨石中谢氏超晶石也有3种产出类型,即熔脉内的单相粗粒谢氏超晶石、熔脉边上由谢氏超晶石内带+CF结构相中间带+铬铁矿外带组成的三相颗粒,以及熔脉内由谢氏超晶石分别与玲根石、林伍德石或镁铁榴石等硅酸盐高压相矿物组成的两相颗粒.在两相颗粒中,谢氏超晶石与硅酸盐高压相矿物间的分界线有轻到中度的弯曲,表明硅酸盐矿物曾发生过局部甚至整体的熔融.EPMA和EDS的分析结果显示,单相和三相颗粒中的谢氏超晶石,在成分上与脉外的铬铁矿完全相同,但在两相颗粒中,谢氏超晶石与硅酸盐高压相矿物之间则发生过明显的组分交换:少量的Al3+从玲根石和少量的Fe2+从林伍德石向谢氏超晶石扩散,而微量的Cr3+则从谢氏超晶石向玲根石或林伍德石扩散.在谢氏超晶石+镁铁榴石的双相颗粒中,镁铁榴石的母矿物斜方辉石已全熔,并与周围的熔脉硅酸盐熔体已有相当程度的混合,致使其晶出的石榴子石相中SiO2和MgO含量明显下降,而Al2O3和CaO的含量则急剧增高.熔脉中两相颗粒在矿物化学上的复杂化,可以用冲击熔脉的温度(1800~2000℃)大大高于陨石未熔主体的温度(~1000℃)和硅酸盐矿物的密度(2.6~3.3g/cm3)都比铬铁矿(4.43g/cm3)要低,对冲击波的阻抗能力明显低于铬铁矿来解释,因为冲击波易从高阻抗物质向低阻抗物质反射,使后者局部
谢先德陈鸣王春云
关键词:铬铁矿产状冲击变质随州陨石
Shock-produced akimotoite in the Suizhou L6 chondrite被引量:1
2015年
Shock-produced akimotoite was identified in the Suizhou chondritic meteorite, which occurs in two kinds of occurrence. The first is the irregular layers of akimotoite up to 4 ?m in thickness occurring in fractures and cracks of low-Ca pyroxene enclosed in the shock veins. The second is the zonal polycrystalline aggregates of akimotoite in shocked pyroxene grains close to the shock vein, where akimotoite occurs in a zonal area in between pyroxene and Mg Si O3-glass as irregular small clumps up to 5 ?m in size. This investigation suggests a solid-state transformation mechanism of pyroxene to akimotoite, and that akimotoite should have nucleated and grew in the area with abundant defects caused by shock deformation because the defect significantly enhances the solid-state reactivity and the kinetics of nucleation of high-pressure phase. The spatial relationship among the composed grains of pyroxene, akimotoite and Mg Si O3-glass(possibly vitrified perovskite) demonstrates a temperature gradient from the vein wall to the unmelted chondritic meteorite.
CHEN MingXIE XianDe
关键词:PYROXENEPEROVSKITE
涂氏磷钙石的形成条件研究被引量:3
2008年
用微束矿物学和激光拉曼光谱等分析测试技术,并结合人工高压实验结果,研究了我国随州陨石冲击熔脉中的白磷钙石高压相变形成涂氏磷钙石的必要条件,并对寺巷口陨石冲击熔脉中的白磷钙石虽与林伍德石、镁铁榴石和玲根石等高压矿物共生,但仅表现为结构损伤而未相变成涂氏磷钙石的原因进行了探讨。研究结果发现,随州陨石中白磷钙石或氯磷灰石的存在是涂氏磷钙石得以形成的物质前提,陨石熔脉中高达24GPa和2000℃以上的高压高温环境是涂氏磷钙石能够形成的条件保障,而压力释放后熔脉极快的冷却速率是涂氏磷钙石得以淬火并稳定保存的关键。研究还查明,寺巷口陨石冲击熔脉比随州陨石的熔脉要宽1至2个量级,其冷却速率比随州陨石慢得多,因此,熔脉中早先形成的涂氏磷钙石,可能在脉内较高的冲击后温度影响下,慢慢退变质成白磷钙矿。
谢先德陈鸣
关键词:高压相变冷却速率
动态高压下陨石矿物的冲击熔融和分离结晶及其地球化学意义被引量:1
2009年
应用近代微束矿物学分析测试技术,对在中国陨落的随州、寺巷口和岩庄等三块球粒陨石中矿物的冲击熔融和分离结晶作用进行了较系统的研究。查明存在有硅酸盐单矿物熔体、硅酸盐矿物混合熔体和全岩熔体三种组成不同的冲击熔体。研究结果显示:(1)三种熔融相与未熔相之间在主成分和微量元素组成上没有明显差别,说明它们是原地熔融的产物,但在较大的冲击熔块中,也发现冲击熔融作用引发了一部分元素,如亲铁元素、硒元素和轻重稀土元素的分异现象;(2)查明Al2O3、Cr2O3、Na2O和CaO等优先进入从冲击熔体结晶的辉石常压相或辉石的高压相——镁铁榴石(属地幔过渡带矿物)中;(3)Al元素能进入阿基莫石(即辉石的钛铁矿结构相,属下地幔矿物)中,以固熔体形式稳定下来。ELNES的测定查明,其氧化铁组分中Fe3+/∑Fe的比值高达0.67(3);(4)陨石全岩熔体中硅酸盐相与金属-硫化物相之间为完全不混熔,后者以孤立的共结体团块产于硅酸盐熔体之中,除Zn、Na、Cr、Co和Cu在硫化物相中和Na在金属相中有明显富集外,其他元素的浓度则无明显变化;(5)在寺巷口陨石熔脉的金属-硫化物共结团块内发现了FeNi金属-硫化铁-磁铁矿组合,进一步证实了S和O等轻元素可以加入到以Fe-Ni金属为主要组成的地核成分中去;(6)在岩庄陨石的FeNi金属-硫化铁共结体团块的硫化铁内发现了Na、Mn和Fe的磷酸盐矿物小球体,说明P和Na、Mn等元素也能成为地核的组成元素。以上研究在行星演化、地幔矿物学和地球化学,以及陨石学研究上均有着重要的科学意义。
谢先德陈鸣
关键词:陨石矿物高温高压
Occurrence andmineral chemistry of chromite and xieite in the Suizhou L6 chondrite
2011年
The occurrence and mineral chemistry of chromite and its high-pressure phase xieite in the Suizhou meteorite were studied by different modem micromineralogical techniques. Three types of occurrences for chromite were observed in the Suizhou L6 chondrite: coarse chromite grains, cluster of chromite fragments in molten plagioclase, and exsolution lamellar chromite in oli- vine. All the chromite grains of the first two types are remarkably similar in chemical compositions, but the composition of exsolution chromite is inhomogeneous and variable in A1203 content. Xieite is a post-spinel CT-phase of chromite firstly found in the Suizhou meteorite. Three types of occurrences of xieite have also been revealed in this meteorite: coarse xieite grains, complex three-zone-grains consisting of the inner xieite, the intermediate lamellae-like CF-phase and the outer chromite phase, and two-phase-grains consisting of xieite and one of the high-pressure silicate minerals lingunite, ringwoodite or majorite. The curved boundary between xieite and the silicate half in two-phase grains is indicative of some partial or even full melting of the silicate phase. EPMA and EDS results show that the compositions of xieite inside/contacting the shock veins are also identical to that of chromite outside the veins. However, some element diffusion appeared in between the xieite and the silicate half in the two-phase grains, namely, some of Al^3+ from lingunite, or Fe^2+ from ringwoodite migrated to xieite, and some of Cr^3+ migrated from xieite to lingunite or ringwoodite. Majorite in two-phase grains shows remarkable decrease of SiO2 and MgO, and notable increase of Al2O3 and CaO, indicating that its host mineral pyroxene was fully molten and mixed with the surrounding silicate melt of the vein matrix. The complexity in mineral chemistry of these two-phase grains in shock veins can be explained by the much higher shock peak temperature in shock veins (1800-2000℃) than in unmelted main body (-1000℃), and by the much lower
XIE XlanDeCHEN MingWANG ChunYun
关键词:CHROMITEOCCURRENCE
球粒陨石中FeNi金属的扩散聚集和冲击气化熔融及分离结晶特征
<正>细小分散的FeNi金属在陨石热变质过程中通过扩散作用逐渐聚集成较大的颗粒,粒径大于3mm时称为金属团块。陨石受到高强冲击,FeNi金属易气化熔融和重结晶而与硅酸盐相分离。扩散和重结晶会造成微量元素的浓度变化。本文是...
谢先德陈鸣
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