排种器的型孔、导种装置及转速是制约小麦播种效率的关键。该研究针对传统的排种器缺少导种过程以及存在机械化程度不高、播种精度低、工作效率低、型孔样式单一等缺陷,达不到精密播种的问题。设计了一款窝眼轮小麦精量排种器,阐述了排种器的基本原理,对关键零部件进行设计,通过离散元仿真分析方法,分析得出最佳型孔样式、导种装置的可行性、扰种环倾角角度,得出最优参数为型孔样式为椭球形,导种装置有利于排种运动,扰种环倾斜角度为45˚。The holes, guiding devices, and rotational speed of the seeder are key factors that restrict the efficiency of wheat sowing. This study aims to address the shortcomings of traditional seeders, such as the lack of seeding process, low mechanization level, low seeding accuracy, low work efficiency, and single-hole style, which cannot achieve precision seeding. A concave wheel wheat precision seeder was designed, and the basic principle of the seeder was explained. The key components were designed, and the optimal hole style, feasibility of the seeding device, and inclination angle of the disturbance ring were analyzed through discrete element simulation analysis. The optimal parameters were determined to be an elliptical hole style, a seeding device that facilitates seeding motion, and a disturbance ring inclination angle of 45˚.
