This article considers that in the process of Middle Route Project of SouthNorth Water Transfer, importance must be attached to the ecological environment protection in the headwater area--Hanjiang Basin. It discusses not only the emigration region, the reservoir area, the project construction and the problem arised from water resources utilization and the ecological environment protection, but also the soil and water erosion, the flood and drought, the pollution and the ecological environment in the whole drainage basin. It also puts forward the countermeasures about the ecological environment protection in the drainage basin.
