Abstract： To investigate the chemical constituents of the roots of Polygala wattersii Hance, the separation and purification were performed by solvent extraction and repeated column chromatography （CC） on silica gel, Sephadex LH-20 and macroporous resin D101, preparative TLC and semi-preparative HPLC. The structures were identified by spectroscopic analysis and comparison of their 1H and 13C NMR data with those reported in literatures. Twenty-three known compounds, including eleven xanthones （1-11）, nine sugar esters （12-20）, two triterpenoid saponins （21 and 22） and one phenylpropanoid （23） were isolated and their structures were identified as 1,3-dihydroxyxanthone （1）, 1-hydroxy-3-methoxyxanthone （2）, 1,3-dihydroxy-2-methoxyxanthone （3）, 1,3,7-trihydroxy-2- methoxyxanthone （4）, 1,3,6-trihydroxy-2,7-dimethoxyxanthone （5）, 1,6,7-trihydroxy-2,3-dimethoxyxanthone （6）, 1,7-dihydroxy- 2,3-methylenedioxyxanthone （7）, 1,7-dimethoxyxanthone （8）, 1,2,3-trimethoxyxanthone （9）, 1-methoxy-2,3-methylenedioxyxanthone （10）, 6-hydroxy-0-methoxy-2,3-methylenedioxyxanthone （11）, 3＇-O-feruloyl-6-O-acetyl sucrose （12）, arillatose B （13）, sibricose A5 （14）, sibricose A6 （15）, 3＇,6-di-O-sinapoyl sucrose （16）, tenufoliside A （17）, 3＇-O-3,4,5-trimethoxycinnamoyl-6-O-p-methoxybenzoyl sucrose （18）, glomeratose A （19）, 1-O-p-coumaroyl-D-glucopyranose （20）, bayogenin-3-O-glucoside （21）, tenufolin （22）, and sinapic acid （23）. Among them, compounds 2 and 12 were obtained from genus Polygala for the first time, and except compound 16, all others were isolated from this species for the first time.
By means of solvent extraction and repeated chromatography on silica gel, Sephadex LH-20, HPLC, and preparative TLC, the ethanol extract of the stems of Homalium ceylanicum（Flacourtiaceae/Salicaceae sensu lato） was chemically investigated, which led to the isolation of 13 constituents, including five lignans（1–5） and three isocoumarins（6–8）. Based on the spectroscopic analysis and comparison of its 1H NMR and 13C NMR data with those in literatures, their structures were identified as（–）-5＇-methoxyisolariciresinol 3α-O-β-D-glucopyranoside（1）,（＋）-lyoniresinol 3α-O-β-D-glucopyranoside（2）,（＋）-isolarisiresinol 3α-O-β-Dglucopyranoside（3）,（–）-isolarisiresinol 3α-O-β-D-glucopyranoside（4）, icariside E5（5）, 3-phenylisocoumarin（6）, homalicine（7）,（–）-dihydrohomalicine（8）, friedelin（9）, 4-hydroxybenzoic acid（10）, catechol（11）, methyl-α-arabinofuranoside（12）, and uridine（13）. All isolates except compounds 6–8 were described from this genus for the first time. Compound 6 was isolated from this species for the first time.
