According to the distribution of arid and humid regions in China,the typical arid region (Erjina),the typical semi-arid/semi-humid region (Guanzhong basin/Loess Plateau) and the typical humid region (Poyang Lake basin) were selected as the study areas.Based on NDVI data from 1982 to 2000 and meteorological observing data of three study areas from 1981 to 2000,the interactions between vegetation NDVI and climatic factors (temperature and precipitation) in typical arid and humid regions were discussed in this study.The results showed that in the responses of vegetation to climatic factors,vegetation in the typical arid region (Erjina) was more sensitive to precipitation,while vegetation in the typical semi-arid/semi-humid region (Guanzhong basin/Loess Plateau) was more sensitive to both temperature and precipitation,and vegetation in the typical humid region (Poyang Lake basin) was more sensitive to temperature.As for effects of vegetation on climatic factors,there was a remarkable negative correlation between vegetation NDVI in the past winter and temperature in the present summer,and also a significant positive correlation between vegetation NDVI in the past winter and precipitation in the present summer.However,in the typical semi-arid/semi-humid region (Guanzhong basin/Loess Plateau),there was a significant positive correlation between vegetation NDVI in the present spring and temperature in the present summer.
为了探讨植被气孔阻抗的变化对主要气候因子的影响,利用2000年6月16日-7月31日的NCAR(美国国家大气研究中心)资料,应用WRF(W eather Research Forecast)模式对植被气孔阻抗进行了三组试验:控制试验(CS)、敏感性试验1(RS↓)和敏感性试验2(RS↑),结合江西省80个气象站的观测资料进行分析。结果表明:控制试验(CS)可以较好的模拟该流域的温度、降水、相对湿度时间变化及空间分布特征,它们与实测数据的相关系数分别为0.71、0.79和0.58,皆通过了0.01水平的t检验;敏感性试验结果显示:当气孔阻抗减小时,降水和相对湿度增加,温度下降;相反,当气孔阻抗增加时,降水和相对湿度减小,温度升高;气孔阻抗的变化对温度和相对湿度的影响在整个区域是一致的增大或减小的,而降水所体现出来的情况则较复杂。研究结果可为植被与大气间通量交换的参数化研究提供参考。
