目的研究突发暴力伤害伤员父母教养方式与心理状况及创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）的关系。方法161例在突发暴力伤害事件受伤的住院伤员，受伤第3，4周用心理健康自评问卷（Self-Reporting Questionnaire-20，SRQ20）、创伤后应激障碍筛查表（7-items screening scale for PTSD，PTSD7）、事件影响量表（Impact of event scale，IES）和症状自评量表（Symptom Checklisr 90，SCL-90）等进行测评，对其中113名年龄14～50岁伤员完成父母教养方式问卷（Egna Minnen av Barndoms Uppfostran，EMBU）测评。受伤2个月后用DSM—IV—TR轴I障碍临床定式检查病人版（Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV—TR Axis I Disorders／Patients，SCID—I／P）对伤员进行检查，共对113人中的106人做出诊断。失访7人。结果父亲偏爱被试与事件影响量表总分（r=-0．234，P〈0．05）和因子2回避（r=-0．309，P〈0．01）呈负相关。父亲惩罚严厉与SCL-90因子其他（r=0．224，P〈0．05）、事件影响量表因子2回避（r=0．211，P〈0．05）呈正相关。母亲情感温暖与理解与事件影响量表因子1闪回呈正相关（r=0．194，P〈0．05）。根据诊断分成无病组、PTSD组和其他诊断组。父亲偏爱被试、母亲偏爱被试与精神症状呈负相关，父亲惩罚严厉、过分干涉和拒绝否认，母亲过分干涉过度保护和惩罚严厉与精神症状呈正相关。3组方差分析父亲教养方式的6个分量表、母亲教养方式的5个分量表均无显著性差异。结论少儿时父母偏爱对今后的心理创伤具有保护作用。父亲惩罚严厉、过分干涉和拒绝否认，母亲过分干涉过度保护和惩罚严厉对心理健康具有破坏作用。但暴力伤害伤员是否患PTSD和其他精神障碍父母教养方式影响有限。
Objective: To compare the mental health states of Uygur and Han students in Urumqi one month before examinations. Results: The SCL-90 were administered. Except for the Somatization subscale, all the subscale scores of SCL-90 of Uygur students were significantly lower than respective scores of the Han students (P<0.01-0.001). The scores of Han students were higher than norms of the domestic youth group. Conclusions: In facing with examination, the mental health of Uygur students is better the Han students. This may be related to ethnic characteristics, regional policy, and social support system.
