We used a FluorCam portable chlorophyll fluorescence imaging system to measure QY-max （the maximum light quantum yield, Fv/Fm, the largest light quantum efficiency of PS Ⅱ） of submerged plants in wetlands of Baisha Lake and Changhu Lake, Jiangxi Nanjishan Wetland National Nature Reserve, in winter 2013. Specifically, we measuredΦPS Ⅱ （PS Ⅱ actual quantum efficiency）, qP （photochemical quenching） and corresponding fluorescence images. Using the visual method and sampling sites method to obtain coverage, richness and abundance of submerged plants, and determined nutrient levels in water. The results show that the QY-max ofHydrilla verticillata andVallisneria natans in Baisha Lake ranged from 0.48 to 0.68 and 0.52 to 0.71, respectively; theΦPS Ⅱ of these two species ranged from 0.32 to 0.58 and 0.20 to 0.46, respectively. The two plants had similar photosynthetic efifciency. The QY-max ofNymphoides peltatum andV. natans in Changhu Lake ranged from 0.66 to 0.77 and 0.19 to 0.68, respectively; theΦPS Ⅱ of these two species ranged from 0.26 to 0.48 and 0.22 to 0.43, respectively. The observed higher photosynthetic efifciency of N peltatum suggests it is more likely to become the dominant species. In Baisha Lake, the frequency of occurrence of plants was：H. verticilata, 90%;V. natans, 93.3%;Najas minor26.7%, andPotamogeton francheti10%. In Changhu Lake, the frequency of N. pel-tatum was 86.7%,V. natans was 16.7%, andN. minor was 56.7%. The overal frequency of submerged plants living in Baisha Lake was much higher than that of submerged plants living in Changhu Lake, with different species dominating the two lakes. According to comprehensive analysis and comparison of trophic levels, biodiversity and photosynthetic fluorescence characteristics in the two lakes, eutrophication of Baisha Lake was higher than for Changhu Lake; andH. verticillata andV. natans were the dominant species, with similar photosynthetic activity. Conversely, in Changhu Lake,N. peltatum andV. natans were the dominant speci
