近年来全球糖尿病患者数量增长迅速,心血管疾病已成为2型糖尿病患者的主要死亡原因。因此,对于糖尿病患者来说,重视心血管疾病的预防和管理至关重要。心血管疾病的危险因素是多方面的,包括年龄、性别、吸烟、脂代谢紊乱、高血压及肥胖等。这些因素可能单独或共同作用,增加心血管疾病的风险。针对2型糖尿病心血管疾病危险因素的综合管理涉及多个方面,包括血糖管理、血压控制、血脂调节、抗血小板治疗以及生活方式管理,通过综合考虑和控制相关风险因素,可以更有效地降低心血管疾病的风险。本文将对上述危险因素及相关治疗措施进行综述,以期为2型糖尿病心血管疾病的发生与发展提供参考依据。In recent years, the number of people with diabetes worldwide has grown rapidly, and cardiovascular diseases have become the leading cause of death for patients with type 2 diabetes. Therefore, it is of utmost importance for diabetic patients to focus on the prevention and management of cardiovascular diseases. The risk factors for cardiovascular diseases are multifaceted, including age, gender, smoking, lipid metabolism disorders, hypertension, and obesity, etc. These factors may act individually or in combination, increasing the risk of cardiovascular diseases. Comprehensive management of the risk factors for cardiovascular diseases in type 2 diabetes involves various aspects, including blood sugar management, blood pressure control, lipid regulation, antiplatelet therapy, and lifestyle management. By considering and controlling these risk factors in a holistic manner, the risk of cardiovascular diseases can be more effectively reduced. This paper will review the aforementioned risk factors and related treatment measures, aiming to provide a reference for the occurrence and progression of cardiovascular diseases in patients with type 2 diabetes.
